James Banks
Auction price history
Highest auction price
£31,122
| Type | Details | Sold | Price |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cello | 73.3 cm London, 1799 | May 2011 | £14,567 |
| Violin | 35.5 cm Salisbury, 1796 | May 2011 | £13,839 |
| Cello | 75.7 cm 1800 c. (restorations) [Attributed to] | March 2011 | £6,960 |
| Cello | 73.0 cm Salisbury, 1797 | June 2008 | £31,122 |
| Violin | 35.7 cm Liverpool, 1819 | March 2008 | £4,800 |
| Viola | 38.4 cm Salisbury, 1800 | October 2005 | £4,016 |
| Violin | England, 1760 c. | July 2004 | £1,920 |
| Cello | 1805 | November 2002 | £17,925 |
| Viola | 40.7 cm 1898 | June 2002 | £5,661 |
| Cello | 1800 c. | May 2001 | £12,867 |
| Viola | 38.6 cm 1803 | November 2000 | £7,475 |
| Viola | 40.7 cm 1898 | May 2000 | £4,217 |
| Viola | 1803 | November 1999 | £7,000 |
| Violin | 1796 | April 1998 | £7,475 |
| Viola | 39.1 cm 1800 c. | February 1998 | £3,105 |
| Violin | 1807 | May 1997 | £2,000 |
| Cello | 1805 | March 1995 | £4,600 |
| Violin | 1803 | March 1994 | £9,200 |
| Cello | 1792 | June 1991 | £12,100 |
| Violin | 1803 | March 1991 | £9,350 |
| Violin | 1798 | March 1991 | £4,400 |
| Viola | 38.4 cm 1798 | November 1989 | £4,950 |
| Violin | 1820 | November 1989 | £506 |
| Violin | 1809 | September 1987 | £242 |
| Viola | 40.6 cm 1898 | May 1980 | £1,210 |
Maker Overview
History
James Banks (1758-1831) was the son of Benjamin Banks (I). Born in Salisbury around 1756 or 1758, he died on June 15, 1831, in Liverpool. He continued his father's business in Catharine Street, Salisbury, with his brother Henry. In 1811, they sold their Salisbury business and relocated to Liverpool. According to John Dilworth, they opened a shop at 28 Church Street and later at 10 Great Nelson Street. However, Cecie Stainer and William Meredith Morris state they moved to Church Street and then to Bold Street in Liverpool. James Banks was buried in St. Mary's, Edge-hill, Liverpool. After their deaths, many unfinished instruments were found in the cellar of their Liverpool house and were sold in that state, often to the trade.
Craft
- Role: James Banks was a violin maker, while his brother Henry was a pianoforte tuner and repairer.
- Workmanship: He was regarded as an excellent workman by Cecie Stainer and a very good workman by William Meredith Morris.
- Models: He consistently followed the models established by his father, Benjamin Banks (I).
- Varnish: He used similar varnish to his father, though occasionally his red-colored varnish had more black in it, or was of a 'somewhat blacker tint' according to Willibald Leo Lütgendorff.
- Tone: William Meredith Morris noted a 'metallic harshness' in the tone of his instruments, suggesting he might have baked his wood, which Morris believed accounted for the inferiority compared to his father's work.
- Collaborative Work: A violoncello made jointly by James and Henry Banks in 1797 was exhibited in 1872.
- Labels: Examples of labels include "JAMES AND HENRY BANKS, MUSICAL INSTRUMENT MAKERS AND MUSICSELLERS, SALISBURY, 1800" and "JAMES AND HENRY BANKS, SALISBURY, 1805".
Influence
- Mentorship: James Banks was a student of his father, Benjamin Banks (I).
- Stylistic Adherence: He emulated his father's work, using the same models and similar varnish.
Legacy
- Exhibitions: A violoncello crafted jointly by James and Henry Banks in 1797 was exhibited at the South Kensington Museum, London, in 1872.
- Ownership: This exhibited violoncello was the property of Mr. C. J. Read of Salisbury.
Further Information
- Workshop Locations: James Banks operated from Catharine Street in Salisbury. After moving to Liverpool in 1811, he worked from 28 Church Street and later 10 Great Nelson Street, according to John Dilworth. Sources contain conflicting information regarding the final Liverpool address, with Cecie Stainer and William Meredith Morris stating it was Bold Street.
- Unfinished Instruments: A number of unfinished instruments in the white wood were found in the cellar of their Liverpool house after their deaths and were sold in that state, mostly to the trade.
Summary
James Banks (1758-1831) was a violin maker and the son of Benjamin Banks (I). He continued his father's business in Salisbury with his brother Henry before relocating to Liverpool in 1811. Banks was known for consistently following his father's models and using similar varnish, though some noted a 'metallic harshness' in the tone of his instruments. After his death, unfinished instruments were found and sold from his Liverpool workshop.
Biographies
John Dilworth
BANKS, James Born 1758 Salisbury, died 1831 Liverpool UK. Son of Benjamin Banks (I), above. Continued the Catharine Street shop in Salisbury with his brother James until 1811, when they moved to Liverpool, opening a shop at 28 Church Street and later 10 Great Nelson Street. Many unfinished instruments were left in the house, which were bought and sold by the Palmer brothers, to be finished up and sold within the London trade.
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